Obtaining your first HGV licence UK represents a significant career opportunity in today’s transport industry. With ongoing driver shortages and competitive salaries ranging from £22,000 to over £60,000 for specialist roles, transitioning from a car licence to HGV driving has never been more attractive.
This comprehensive guide will walk you through the complete process of how to get an HGV licence in the UK, from your initial medical examination through to starting your new career. Whether you’re looking at Category C (rigid lorries) or going straight to Category CE (articulated vehicles), we’ll provide you with the roadmap you need.
The modern HGV licensing process has been streamlined since November 2021, with the introduction of direct access routes and updated testing procedures according to DVSA guidance. However, it still requires careful planning, proper preparation, and understanding of the various requirements including medical standards, theory tests, Driver CPC training, and practical assessments.
Eligibility Requirements
Basic Eligibility Criteria
To begin your car to lorry licence journey, you must meet several fundamental requirements as outlined by DVLA eligibility criteria:
- Minimum age: 18 years old for Category C and C1 licences
- Current licence: Hold a full UK Category B (car) driving licence
- Medical fitness: Meet Group 2 medical standards for commercial driving according to DVLA medical standards
- Right to work: Legal right to work in the UK
Understanding HGV Categories
Before starting the process, it’s essential to understand which category suits your career goals:
- Category C1: Vehicles between 3.5-7.5 tonnes (ideal for local delivery work)- TrainDrive C1 7.5 Tonne Training
- Category C1+E: C1 vehicles with trailers over 750kg
- Category C: Rigid lorries over 3.5 tonnes with trailers up to 750kg- TrainDrive Class 2 HGV Training
- Category C+E: Articulated lorries (truck and trailer combinations)- TrainDrive Class 1 HGV Training
Since November 2021, you can progress directly to Category C+E without first obtaining Category C according to DVSA licensing changes, though many training providers recommend gaining experience with rigid vehicles first.
Medical Requirements and D4 Process
The D4 Medical Examination
The first essential step in your HGV licence roadmap is completing a comprehensive medical examination using form D4, as mandated by DVLA medical requirements. This is a mandatory requirement that cannot be bypassed, and the examination must be completed before applying for your provisional licence.
Who can perform the examination according to DVLA guidelines:
- Your registered GP (General Practitioner)
- Any GMC-registered doctor licenced to practise in the UK
- Private medical firms specialising in driver medicals
- Qualified opticians (for vision assessment components only)
Medical standards you must meet:
Vision Requirements according to DVLA vision standards:
- Visual acuity of 6/7.5 or better (with or without corrective lenses)
- Ability to read a number plate at 20 metres in good daylight
- Adequate peripheral vision and colour perception
- If corrective lenses are required, the prescription strength must be recorded
Physical Health Standards as per DVLA medical guidelines:
- Blood pressure must be below 180/100 mmHg
- No untreated sleep disorders (sleep apnoea requires minimum 3 months controlled treatment)
- Cardiovascular conditions require specialist documentation
- Diabetes management varies by treatment type (insulin-treated diabetes requires DVLA notification)
Cost and validity:
- Medical examination cost: £45-£70 (includes vision test)
- Validity period: 4 months from the date of the doctor’s signature
- Tip: Time your medical carefully as the D4 form expires quickly
Provisional Licence Application
Application Process
Once your medical is complete, you can apply for provisional HGV entitlements using form D2 according to DVLA application procedures. This application is completely free of charge – one of the few elements of the HGV process that costs nothing.
Required documents:
- Completed D2 form (must be ordered from GOV.UK – cannot be downloaded)
- Your signed D4 medical report
- Your current photocard driving licence
- Recent passport-style photograph (if required)
Important notes:
- Apply for all relevant categories simultaneously (C1, C1E, C, CE) to avoid multiple applications
- The D2 form cannot be downloaded online and must be ordered via the official government website
- Processing typically takes 2-4 weeks
Submission addresses:
- England, Wales, Scotland: DVLA, Swansea, SA99 1BR
- Northern Ireland: DVA, Coleraine (then forwarded to DVLA Swansea)
Theory Tests and Driver CPC
Understanding the Theory Test Components
The theory testing phase consists of three separate components, all of which form part of your Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) – mandatory for all commercial driving according to DVSA CPC requirements.
1a – Multiple Choice Test:
- Cost: £26 (as of 2025, according to GOV.UK test fees)
- Format: Computer-based multiple choice questions
- Content: Road rules, vehicle safety, professional driving standards
- Booking: Available through GOV.UK theory test booking system
1b – Hazard Perception:
- Cost: £11 (as of 2025, according to GOV.UK test fees)
- Format: Video-based hazard identification
- Content: Recognising developing hazards from a lorry driver’s perspective
- Combined booking: Usually booked together with Module 1a
2 – Case Studies:
- Cost: £23 (as of 2025, according to GOV.UK test fees)
- Format: Computer-based case study scenarios
- Duration: 90 minutes
- Content: 7 case studies covering real-world professional driving situations
- Pass mark: 38/50 for LGV drivers
- Tip: This can be taken independently and before your practical tests
Theory test validity: All theory test certificates are valid for 2 years from the pass date according to DVSA regulations, so plan your practical training accordingly.
Practical Training and Testing
The New Testing Structure
Since November 2021, practical testing has been split into two mandatory modules that must be passed in sequence according to DVSA testing changes:
Module 3a – Off-Road Exercises
Test details:
- Cost: £40 (as of 2025, according to GOV.UK test fees)
- Duration: Maximum 30 minutes
- Location: DVSA test centres or approved training grounds
Test content:
- S-shaped reversing manoeuvre into a designated bay
- For Category CE: Additional trailer uncoupling and recoupling exercises
- Emphasis on precision, safety observations, and vehicle control
Common reasons for failure:
- Hitting cones or boundary markers
- Inadequate safety observations
- Poor positioning or multiple attempts at reversing
Module 3b – On-Road Driving Test
Test details:
- Cost: £115 (weekdays) / £141 (evenings and weekends, as of 2025 according to GOV.UK test fees)
- Duration: Minimum 60 minutes
- Examiner: DVSA government examiner
Test content:
- Comprehensive on-road driving assessment
- Independent driving section using sat-nav or road signs
- Various road types including dual carriageways and roundabouts
- Vehicle safety questions at the beginning
Pass criteria:
- Maximum 12 minor faults permitted
- Zero tolerance for serious or dangerous faults
- Adequate demonstration of professional driving standards
Module 4 – CPC Practical Demonstration
Test details:
- Cost: £55 (weekdays) / £63 (evenings and weekends, as of 2025 according to GOV.UK test fees)
- Duration: 30-40 minutes
- Format: “Tell me, show me” vehicle safety questions
Test content:
- Vehicle safety checks and walk-around inspection
- Understanding of vehicle systems and safety equipment
- Five main question areas, each worth 20%
- Pass mark: 80% overall with minimum 15% in each section
After Passing Your Tests
Driver Qualification Card (DQC)
After successfully completing both Module 2 (case studies) and Module 4 (practical demonstration), you’ll receive your Driver Qualification Card according to DVSA CPC guidance. This plastic card is your proof of CPC qualification and is required for all commercial driving in the UK.
Digital Tachograph Card
For most HGV driving roles, you’ll need a digital tachograph card according to DVLA tachograph requirements:
- Cost: £32 (first application) / £19 (renewal, as of 2025)
- Validity: 5 years
- Processing time: Up to 10 working days
- Application: Online via GOV.UK or by post
Tip: Apply for your tachograph card as soon as you pass your tests, as the processing time can delay your start date for employment.
Costs and Timelines
Complete Cost Breakdown
| Component | Cost (£) | Notes |
| Medical Examination (D4) | 45-70 | Essential first step, 4-month validity |
| Provisional Licence | Free | D2 form application to DVLA |
| Theory – Multiple Choice (1a) | 26 | Driver CPC component |
| Theory – Hazard Perception (1b) | 11 | Usually combined with 1a |
| Theory – Case Studies (Module 2) | 23 | Can be taken early in process |
| Practical – Module 3a | 40 | Off-road reversing exercises |
| Practical – Module 3b | 115-141 | On-road test (weekend premium) |
| CPC Module 4 | 55-63 | Vehicle safety demonstration |
| HGV Training Course (C) | 1,200-1,650 | Professional training package |
| HGV Training Course (CE) | 1,500-2,200 | Articulated training |
| Digital Tachograph Card | 32 | Required for commercial work |
Total estimated costs:
- Category C licence: £1,400-£1,800
- Category CE licence: £1,700-£2,500
Timeline Expectations
Typical progression timeline:
- Weeks 1-2: Medical examination and provisional licence application
- Weeks 3-4: Theory test preparation and booking
- Weeks 5-6: Theory test completion
- Weeks 7-10: Practical training course
- Weeks 11-12: Practical tests (Modules 3a, 3b, and 4)
Total timeframe: 8-12 weeks from start to finish, depending on test availability and training schedules.
Employment Opportunities and Salary Expectations
Entry-Level Opportunities
Category C (Rigid Lorry) roles:
- Local delivery driving
- Construction and building supplies
- Refuse collection vehicles
- Multi-drop retail deliveries
- Starting salary range: £22,000-£26,000 annually
Category CE (Articulated) roles:
- Long-distance haulage
- International transport
- Container and port operations
- Specialist transport (fuel, chemicals, car transporters)
- Starting salary range: £24,000-£28,000 annually
Regional Salary Variations
London and South East:
- Average salary: £38,000-£55,000
- Hourly rates: £18-£25 per hour
- Premium factors: Higher cost of living, congestion challenges
Midlands and North:
- Average salary: £28,000-£40,000
- Hourly rates: £14-£20 per hour
- Growth opportunities: Strong manufacturing and distribution sectors
Specialist Role Premiums
High-earning specialisations:
- ADR (Hazardous goods transport): £60,000-£80,000
- Tanker operations: £55,000-£75,000
- International routes: £65,000+
- Car transporters: £60,000+
- Construction site work: £50,000-£65,000
Common Pitfalls and Expert Tips
Avoid These Common Mistakes
Medical timing errors:
- Don’t leave your D4 medical too late – it’s only valid for 4 months
- Book your medical early in the process to avoid expiry issues
Application sequence mistakes:
- Don’t book practical tests before passing theory components
- Remember: Module 3a must be passed before attempting Module 3b
Documentation oversights:
- Ensure all form sections are completed fully
- Check your photocard licence hasn’t expired before submitting
- Keep copies of all submitted documents
Success Tips from Industry Experts
Theory test preparation:
- Use official DVSA learning materials
- Practice hazard perception from an HGV perspective (higher seating position)
- Take Module 2 early – it can be completed before practical training
Training course selection:
- Choose providers offering guaranteed test bookings
- Look for pass protection schemes
- Consider providers with their own Module 3a facilities
- TrainDrive offers comprehensive training packages for all HGV categories:
2025 Updates and Changes
Recent Regulatory Changes
Enhanced DVLA Services according to DVLA Business Plan 2024-25:
- New online vocational licence renewal service launched
- Improved ‘Share my driving licence’ functionality
- Domestic Driver Qualification Cards to distinguish national vs international qualifications
London-Specific Requirements according to Transport for London:
- Over 12 tonnes for HGVs required Progressive Safe System permits in Greater London
- Enhanced Direct Vision Standard compliance needed
Conclusion
Obtaining your first HGV licence UK is a structured but achievable process that opens doors to a stable, well-paid career in the transport industry. While the journey from car to lorry licence requires investment in time and money, the employment opportunities and earning potential make it an excellent career choice.
The key to success lies in careful planning, understanding the requirements, and choosing the right training provider. With proper preparation, most candidates can complete the entire process within 8-12 weeks and begin earning competitive salaries in a sector with strong ongoing demand.
Remember that this is just the beginning of your professional driving career. Continuous development through additional qualifications like ADR training, international transport certification, or specialised vehicle categories can significantly enhance your earning potential and job security.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: Can I skip Cat C and go straight to C+E?
Yes, direct access to Category C+E has been available since November 2021 according to DVSA guidance. However, many employers prefer drivers with rigid truck experience first.
Q: Do I need CPC if I’m only driving occasionally?
Driver CPC is required for all commercial driving, regardless of frequency, according to DVSA CPC regulations. Personal use (motorhomes, horse boxes) doesn’t require CPC.
Q: How long is my licence valid?
Unlike car licences, HGV entitlements require medical renewal every 5 years from age 45, then annually from age 65, according to DVLA renewal requirements.
Q: Can I use an EU licence for HGV work in the UK?
No, EU/EEA licences must be exchanged for UK licences, and you need a UK digital tachograph card for commercial operations according to DVLA exchange rules.
Q: What if I fail a test component?
You can retake individual modules, but Module 3a must be passed before attempting Module 3b. Theory certificates are valid for 2 years according to DVSA test regulations.
Q: Are there financing options available? A: Many training providers offer payment plans, and some employers provide funded training schemes for guaranteed employment.
Ready to Start Your HGV Career?
At TrainDrive, we provide comprehensive training packages that guide you through every step of obtaining your HGV licence. Our experienced instructors, modern training vehicles, and excellent pass rates ensure you’re fully prepared for success.
TrainDrive’s Complete Course Portfolio:
- Class 1 (CE) Articulated Training – Master truck and trailer combinations for the highest-paid HGV roles
- Class 2 (C) Rigid HGV Training – Perfect for local delivery and construction work
- C1 7.5 Tonne Training – Ideal entry point for new commercial drivers
- B+E Car and Trailer Training – Enhanced towing capabilities for personal and business use
Get started on your journey from car to lorry today – your new career in transport awaits!
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